A laboratory report describes a stone: what it is, its measurements and grades, and what the lab could detect. Tap any part of the example report to see what it means and the scale it sits on. The example is a generic layout, not any laboratory's own design; every lab arranges its reports differently.
Report fields and the clarity plot: International Gem Society, How to read a GIA diamond grading report; the colour coding of plot symbols (red internal, green or black external) and the plot's purpose as printed on GIA reports and summarised in their published guides. GIA, Colored stone reports: the identification report "identifies and describes a material and lists detectable treatments"; the identification and origin report adds a geographic origin opinion for natural alexandrite, demantoid, emerald, jade, opal, Paraíba tourmaline, peridot, red spinel, ruby and sapphire only.
Grade scales: GIA D-to-Z colour, GIA clarity (FL to I3), fluorescence None to Very Strong, as on JewelLoop's colour, clarity and fluorescence pages; cut, polish and symmetry Excellent to Poor (GIA). Every value on the example report is invented for illustration.